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Kirkleatham
Historical and geographical information
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Dates are in red.
Hyperlinks to other pages are in dark blue.
Headlines are in brown.
References and citations are in turquoise.
Context and local history are in purple.
This webpage is divided into the
following sections:
- The
Farndales of Kirkleatham
- Kirlleatham
- Kirkleatham
Timeline
- Links,
texts and books
The Farndales of Kirkleatham
Nicholas farndaile
(FAR00059),
was buried at Kirkleatham on 6 Aug 1572. Agnes Farndale (FAR00060)
was buried
at Kirkleatham on 23 January 1586. Nicholas and Agnes Farndale were almost
certainly the common ancestors of all modern Farndales The early Farndales
comprised the Doncaster Kirkleatham
Skelton Line. It is probable that between 1564 and
1567, the family moved to Kirkleatham, either because Agnes came from there
or because their daughter Jean’s husband Richard Fairly came from there. The family
soon moved on to the Skelton area nearby and then settled around the wider
Cleveland area.
Other Farndales
associated with Kirkleatham are George Farndale (FAR00156) and John
Farndale (FAR00305).
Kirkleatham
Kirkleatham is a village in the Borough
of Redcar and Cleveland in North Yorkshire. It is approximately 7 km northwest
of Guisborough, and 5 km south of Redcar. The village has a collection of
buildings that formed the Turner Estate, named after the Turner family who
lived in the area from 1661. It has one of the best collections of
Georgian-style buildings in England.
The name of the village comes from the old Norse kirk (“church”)
and hlíð (“slopes”), so it means "churchslopes.". It was
origibnally known as Lythum and Westlidum by the time of the
Domesday Book.
Kirkleatham
Timeline
Ninth Century
It is thought there has been a church on the site since the 9th century
CE, as a location where the body of Saint Cuthbert rested while carried monks
before it was taken to Durham.
1070
It had apparently been laid to waste during The Harrying of the North.
1086
The village is mentioned in the Domesday book when there were 9. There
were 4 landowners listed in Domesday Book:
·
1.5 ploughlands and meadow 4 acres; annual value to lord, 10s;
from 1066, the land was owned by King William (Lord, Leysing).
·
34 ploughlands, one villager and one plough teams; meadow 8
acres; woodland 1 league by 2 furlongs; 1 church; annual value to lord £48 in
1066. The landlord in 1066 was Earl Siward and from 1086 Earl Hugh (of
Chester).
·
5 ploughlands and meadow 14 acres; with an anual value to
lord of 16s in 1066; owned by Uhtred in 1066 and Count Robert of Mortain by
1086.
·
Kirkleatham itself - 5 ploughlands and meadow of 14 acres (4
caracutes of which 2 caracutes were arable); one freeman, 7 smallholders and
one priest; with an annual value of 10s in 1066 but 5s 2d in 1086; owned by ‘northmann’
in 1066 and William of Percy by 1096.
The Victoria County History – Yorkshire, A
History of the County of York North Riding: Volume 2 Parishes: Kirkleatham, 1923:
In 1086
William de Percy had in Kirkleatham 4 carucates of land, a 'manor' held
previously by a certain Norman.
The northern magnates the Percy family held the most of the land in
Kirkleatham from 1086 to 1608.
1232
In 1232 the advowson of Kirkleatham parish was at the centre of a dispute
that saw local knight Sir Robert de Thweng who styled himself "Will
Wither" and take arms against Italian eccelsiatics which saw him raid
their properties and redistribute their wealth to the poor.
1559
The parish church is named Saint Cuthberts from the ninth century
connection. There has been a church on the site since the eleventh century. The
parish records begin in 1559.
1564
It is probable that between 1564 and 1567, the Farndale
family moved to the Skelton area in Cleveland and first settled at Kirkleatham.
1572
Nicholas farndaile (FAR00059),
was buried at Kirkleatham on 6 Aug 1572.
1586
Agnes Farndale (FAR00060)
was
buried at Kirkleatham on 23 January 1586
1624
Kirkleatham was acquired by the Turner family around 1624.
1669
Kirkleatham is the birthplace of Sir William Turner who was Lord Mayor of
London in 1669.
1676
Sir William Turner gave most of his fortune to found the Sir William
Turner's Hospital in June 1676, which today is an independent almshouse. The Victoria County History –
Yorkshire, A History of the County of York North Riding: Volume 2 Parishes:
Kirkleatham, 1923: On the other side of the road is Turner's Hospital, built and
endowed by Sir William Turner in 1676, but entirely remodelled and enlarged in
1742 by his great-nephew Cholmley Turner. The buildings are erected on three
sides of a rectangular courtyard measuring about 55 yards from north to south
by about 30 yards in width, and open at the north end to the road. The
buildings are of brick, with slated hipped roofs behind straight parapets with
the exception of the chapel, which is faced with stone, and which occupies the
middle of the south end of the quadrangle. The boys' school and the master's house
are on the west of the chapel and the girls' school on the east, and the lower
stories of the long line of buildings on either side of the courtyard are
occupied by the women on the east and the men on the west. The north end is
inclosed by a tall iron grille with gates in the centre, all of admirable
design, between which and the road is a kind of semicircular grassed forecourt
with brick retaining wall toward the road surmounted by stone posts and chains
and dwarf entrance piers. The whole lay-out as seen from the highway, with two
old trees in the forecourt, is exceedingly picturesque.
1709
Turner bequeathed a substantial amount of money to his great nephew,
Cholmley Turner, later a member of parliament for Yorkshire between 1727 and 1741,
to establish a Free School, built in 1709, that now houses the local museum.
His estate established for the care of 40 people: ten old men, ten old women,
ten boys, and ten girls. The office of governor or governess falls upon the
owner of the estate. Management of the estate was the responsibility of a
chaplain, a master, and a mistress.
1739
Cholmley Turner added other Grade I listed buildings, the most notable
being the Turner Mausoleum, in memory of his son, and adjoining the Church of
St Cuthbert. It is a Grade I listed building on Kirkleatham Lane. The mausoleum
was built in 1739–40 by James Gibbs, and restored with added internal cladding
in 1839. Entered from the church, it is of Baroque style and of an octagonal
plan with south and south-west sides that adjoin the church. It is a single
storey with a basement burial chamber. The exterior is heavily rusticated, with
an unusually large area vermiculated. It contains the inscription, "This
mausoleum was erected 1740 to the memory of Marwood William Turner Esquire the
best of sons."
Cholmley Turner also retained the architect James Gibbs for building of
the chapel at the almshouses.
1768
Cholmley Turner's nephew Sir Charles Turner, 1st Baronet, of Kirkleatham,
MP for York from 1768 to 1783, continued building upon the estate. His
achievement included remodelling Kirkleatham Hall, as well as providing for the
further development of the hospital, school, and a library. He also built the
adjoining village of Yearby.
Kirkleatham Hall about 1923
1771
Kirkleatham in Jeffrey’s map of 1771
1773
George Farndale (FAR00156) was
witness to a marriage in Kirkleatham.
1831
1854
John Farndale (FAR00305) was a farm worker at Kirkleatham.
1857
1894
In 1894 Kirkleatham became an urban district.
1899
Kirkleatham was annexed into Redcar in 1899, after just five years as an
independent authority.
1918
In 1918, Kirkleatham was the location of a mooring-out station (a
secondary base) for airships protecting the east coast based out of RNAS
Howden. The site was only used during the latter half of 1918 and was closed
permanently after the Armistice
1923
The Victoria County History – Yorkshire, A
History of the County of York North Riding: Volume 2 Parishes: Kirkleatham, 1923:
Kirkleatham
village lies 2½ miles south of Redcar station at the junction of the road
running north north-east from Stockton to Marske and Kirkleatham Lane which
leads north to East Coatham. The church is situated at the south-west corner of
the lane and immediately opposite is Kirkleatham Hall, which was probably built
by John Turner soon after 1623; it was originally an H-shaped house of two
stories, the principal front facing north, with curved gables and a cupola or
bell-turret over the middle wing. Knyff's drawing, c. 1708, shows additions of
short wings at either end, east and west. The building was, however, almost
entirely remodelled by Charles Turner who is said to have employed as his
architect Carr of York. Externally the building has now lost all traces of its
original appearance, having been rebuilt and enlarged in a pseudo-Gothic style
with the principal front towards the south.
Links, texts and books